IC697CMM711 IC697CMM711IC697CMM711 IC697CMM711
可編程控制器類型
4.1按控制規(guī)模分
控制規(guī)模主要指控制開關(guān)量的入、出點數(shù)及控制模擬量的模入、模出,或兩者兼而有之(閉路系統(tǒng))的路數(shù)。但主要以開關(guān)量計。模擬量的路數(shù)可折算成開關(guān)量的點,大致一路相當(dāng)于8~16點。
依這個點數(shù),PLC大致可分為微型機、小型機、中型機及大型機、超大型機。
微型機控制點僅幾十點,如德維森公司的V80系列PLC本體從16點到40點,OMRON公司的CPM1A系列PLC,西門子的Logo僅10點。
小型機控制點可達(dá)100多點。如如德維森公司的V80系列PLC可擴展到256點,OMRON公司的C60P可達(dá)148點,CQM1達(dá)256點。德國西門子公司的S7-200機可達(dá)64點。
中型機控制點數(shù)可達(dá)近500點,以至于千點。如德維森公司的PPC11系列可擴展到1024點,OMRON公司C200H機普通配置zui多可達(dá)700多點,C200Ha機則可達(dá)1000多點。德國西門子公司的S7300機zui多可達(dá)512點。
大型機:控制點數(shù)一般在1000點以上。如如德維森公司的PPC22系列可擴展到2048點,OMRON公司的C1000H、CV1000,當(dāng)?shù)嘏渲每蛇_(dá)1024點。C2000H、CV2000當(dāng)?shù)嘏渲每蛇_(dá)2048點。
超大型機:控制點數(shù)可達(dá)萬點,以至于幾萬點。如美國GE公司的90-70機,其點數(shù)可達(dá)24000點,另外還可有8000路的模擬量。再如美國*康公司的PC-E984--785機,其開關(guān)量具總數(shù)為32k(32768),模擬量有2048路。西門子的SS-115U-CPU945,其開關(guān)量總點數(shù)可達(dá)8k,另外還可有512路模擬量。等等。
以上這種劃分是不嚴(yán)格的,只是大致的,目的是便于系統(tǒng)的配置及使用。
一般講,根據(jù)實際的I/O點數(shù),凡落在上述不同范圍者,選用相應(yīng)的機型,性能價格比必然要高;相反,肯定要差些。
自然,也有特殊情況。如控制點數(shù)不是非常之多,不是非用大型機不可,但因大型機的特殊控制單元多,可進(jìn)行熱備配置,因而采用了大型機。
鄭娟萍
廈門仲鑫航自動化設(shè)備有限公司
4.2按結(jié)構(gòu)劃分
PLC可分為箱體式及模塊式兩大類。微型機、小型機多為箱體式的,但從發(fā)展趨勢看,小型機也逐漸發(fā)展成模塊式的了。如OMRON公司,原來小型機都是箱體式,現(xiàn)在的CQM1則為模塊式的。
箱體的PLC把電源、CPU、內(nèi)存、I/O系統(tǒng)都集成在一個小箱體內(nèi)。一個主機箱體就是一臺完整的PLC,就可用以實現(xiàn)控制。控制點數(shù)不符需要,可再接擴展箱體,由主箱體及若干擴展箱體組成較大的系統(tǒng),以實現(xiàn)對較多點數(shù)的控制。
模塊式的PLC是按功能分成若干模塊,如CPU模塊、輸入模塊、輸出模塊、電源模塊等等。大型機的模塊功能更單一一些,因而模塊的種類也相對多些。這也可說是趨勢。目前一些中型機,其模塊的功能也趨于單一,種類也在增鄉(xiāng)。如同樣OMRON公司C20系列PLC,H機的CPU單元就含有電源,而Ha機則把電源分出,有單獨的電源模塊。
模塊功能更單一、品種更多,可便于系統(tǒng)配置,使PLC更能物盡其用,達(dá)到更高的使用效益。
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